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Courtesy photo
Tamarisk/Salt Cedar (Tamarix spp.) non‑native
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Courtesy photo
Malta Starthistle (Centaurea melitensis) non‑native
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Desert Broom (Baccharis sarothroides) native
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Attractive to look at, dangerous to the desert
Many commonly‑found plants are considered invasive species
by Brian DiTullio

SCOTTSDALE – Are you planting a pest?

The City of Scottsdale, in partnership with the University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, has put out a new invasive plants brochure to educate people as development pushes further outward into the Sonoran Desert.

Ed Northam, a weed biologist with a PH.D. associated with the U of A, said it took about 18 months to produce the brochure between gathering the information and getting a hold of the right people.

“If we do this again, it’ll get done faster,” said Northam. “Now we know who to talk to.”

The focus of the brochure is to encourage residents to replace non‑native plant species that are potentially harmful to the local ecosystem and native plants.

Northam said non‑native species can invade and eliminate native plants in competition for space and water, create fuel for wildfires and alter water flow patterns.

While there has been no detailed study completed to date of all invasive plants, eight vegetation types have been identified as problems in this area:

· Desert Broom,

· Red Bromegrass,

· Buffel Grass,

· Tamaris/Salt Cedar,

· Fountain Grass,

· Malta Starthistle,

· Saharan Mustard

· Bermuda Grass.


Of the eight, Northam said Fountain Grass is the worst grassy‑type plant and Salt Cedar is tops in the tree department.

“It’s a real fire hazard,” said Northam of the Fountain Grass. “It’s commercially sold, spreads easily by wind and can blow for dozens of yards.”

 

Northam noted parts of Mummy Mountain have been taken over by Fountain Grass and that there are efforts by the City of Phoenix and another organization to remove the species from the area.                      

Along with the Fountain Grass, Northam recommends removing Buffel Grass as well due to its potential to create fuel for wildfires.

The Salt Cedar, which tends to grow along the banks of the Salt River and riparian areas, sucks a lot of water to stay alive and also is a fire hazard.

“The Salt Cedar is just a big threat,” said Northam. “During floods it can block drainage.”

Salt Cedars spread rapidly, according to the brochure, and compete with native Cottonwood, Mesquite and Desert Willow.

The common thread for many of these species being listed as invasive is that they are opport‑unistic in their growth and are more susceptible to fire than native plants.

Another brochure, titled “Grow Native,” offers residents alternatives to popular, but non‑native, species. These include the Desert Spoon, a symmetrical and graceful agave‑like plant that grows to about three feet; Blue Grama, a low‑growing perennial bunch grass that grows to about a foot‑and‑a‑half; and several others.

More information on the Grow Native brochure can be found at aznps.org.

The City of Scottsdale Fire Department also sponsored the Invasive Plants brochure, and anyone interested in obtaining a copy may contact them.

For more information, go to invasivespeciesinfo.gov/plants, or scottsdalefd.com.

 
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