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Neurons against Lithium

From Nov. 25 to Dec. 5 of this year, chess aficionados witnessed a new chapter of the epic battle of man versus machine.

The first clash took place several decades ago. Grand Masters like Ludek Pachman, of whom we spoke recently, had the opportunity to measure their abilities against chess programs in the ‘70s. But it was not until the ‘90s when this conflict got down and dirty, as "Deep Blue," an innovative chess program, beat world champion Garry Kasparov, considered by many the best chess player of all time. The revolution was on.

This year in Bonn we have seen the machine in action again. This time the lithium microchips belonged to "Deep Fritz 10," a grandson of Deep Blue, while the human neurons belonged to world champion Vladimir Kramnik–he of the formidable ELO of 2750.

They played six thrilling games. Many commentators said that this could be the last chance for humanity to triumph before succumbing to the clear superiority of computers in chess. In fact, the final score was 4 to 2 for the lithium, but I have to say I don't share this pessimistic point of view.

On at least two occasions, Kramnik had promising opportunities to come away victorious. In the second game the world champion held the initiative throughout the match until he was uncharacteristically caught by surprise: He allowed a checkmate in one move when the position was clearly drawn.

In the first game, the one we present today, Kramnik should have won, as you will be able to see by reading the analysis below. Unfortunately, Kramnik did not find the right path and the game ended in a hard‑fought draw. Anyway, he could have won, and that is what matters. So let's not cry too long about this defeat, instead girding the neuron loins for the next battle of man versus machine.

 

Kramnik,Vladimir ‑ Fritz 10 [E03 ‑ Catalan opening]

Man against Machine, 1st game, Bonn, Germany Nov. 25, 2006


1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.g3 d5 4.Bg2 dxc4 5.Qa4+!? Clever move. Normally white does not try to immediately win the c4 pawn back and plays for example 5.Nf3, but against the lithium monster this is risky. 5...Nbd7 6.Qxc4 a6 7.Qd3!? Interesting strategy again. With this move Kramnik brings Fritz out of the preparation. 7...c5 8.dxc5 Bxc5 9.Nf3 0–0 10.0–0 Qe7 11.Nc3 b6 12.Ne4! Important simplification. The exchange permits the queen and the c bishop to be active against the rook. 12...Nxe4 13.Qxe4 Nf6 14.Qh4! Against a human, this variation would be very interesting. [14.Qxa8 Bb7 15.Qxf8+ Kxf8] The exchange of the two rooks for the queen would be positive for white if he could place the rooks in the free lines. But again, this might be impossible against the likes of this machine. 14...Bb7 15.Bg5 Rfd8 16.Bxf6 Qxf6 17.Qxf6! It looks like Fritz overestimates his pair of bishops. Kramnik has no problem with keeping his f3 knight and making a hole in the black rook. 17...gxf6 18.Rfd1 Kf8 19.Ne1! Bxg2 20.Kxg2 f5 21.Rxd8+ Rxd8 22.Nd3! Bd4 23.Rc1 e5 24.Rc2 Rd5?! Fritz lets the d knight to go to b4, where it will be more important than the bishop. Better would have been: [24...a5 25.f3 b5 26.e4] 25.Nb4! Rb5 26.Nxa6 Rxb2 27.Rxb2 Bxb2 28.Nb4 Kg7 29.Nd5! The power of the knight is crystalline now. It avoids the king to be active and keeps he queen side under control. 29...Bd4 30.a4?! In the diagram. A critical moment. Here Kramnik held the advantage, and the moment for the final attack incumbent. White would have won if he had played this [30.e3! Bc5 31.a4 Kg6 (31...e4 32.f3) 32.Kf3 e4+ 33.Ke2] The king makes it to the queen side and he's unstoppable there. 30...Bc5 31.h3? Now the chance for victory has more or less disappeared, but white could still have had options after [31.Kf3 f6 32.e4 Kg6 33.Ne3 fxe4+ 34.Kxe4 Kg5 35.f3 Bxe3 36.Kxe3] 31...f6 32.f3 Kg6 33.e4?! Much more precise [33.e3 h5 34.Kf1 Kf7 35.Ke2 Ke6 36.e4 fxe4 37.fxe4 f5 38.Kf3] 33...h5! 34.g4 hxg4 35.hxg4 fxe4 36.fxe4 Kg5 37.Kf3 Kg6 38.Ke2 [38.Nc3 Bb4 39.Nb5 Bc5=] 38...Kg5 39.Kd3 Bg1 40.Kc4 Bf2 41.Kb5 Kxg4 42.Nxf6+ also equivalent [42.Nxb6 Bxb6 43.Kxb6 f5 44.exf5 Kxf5 45.Kc5 e4 46.Kd4 Kf4 47.a5 e3 48.Kd3 Kf3 49.a6 e2 50.a7 e1Q 51.a8Q+=] 42...Kf3 43.Kc6 Bh4! 44.Nd7 Kxe4 45.Kxb6 Be1 46.Kc6 Kf5 47.Nxe5 Kxe5 ½–½.

 

Accredited by the Chess Federation of Madrid in Spain, Carlos García Hernández teaches chess at Humboldt University in Berlin, Germany. His weekly chess column appears in the German newspaper Neues Deutschland.

 
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